Lyme Disease in Dogs: What You Should Know

Ticks are small creatures, but they can pose serious risks. Around 50% of adult black-legged ticks carry Lyme bacteria. These ticks often wait in tall grass or vegetation, ready to latch onto a warm-blooded animal. They are attracted to movement and carbon dioxide. Ticks don’t fly or jump, but crawl onto their hosts. Once they find a spot, usually in areas like the ears or neck, they bite and feed on the host's blood, transmitting the bacteria responsible for Lyme disease.

While many dogs don't show symptoms of Lyme disease, some may experience fever, loss of appetite, or swelling in the joints. Others may develop lameness that shifts from one leg to another. In rare cases, dogs may experience swelling of their lymph nodes or other symptoms like lethargy. While uncommon, some dogs might develop fluid buildup in their body or have kidney-related issues.

If you notice a tick on your dog, it’s important to act quickly. Veterinarians may suspect Lyme disease if a dog shows signs like fever, swollen lymph nodes, or difficulty walking. However, diagnosing Lyme disease isn't always simple. Standard blood tests won’t detect the infection right away, as it takes a few weeks for the body to produce antibodies. A newer test, called the C6 test, is more sensitive and helps vets detect the disease earlier, making it more accurate.

In most cases, Lyme disease in dogs is mild, but it can lead to complications. The bacteria can spread through the dog’s body, causing issues with joints, kidneys, or even the nervous system. In rare instances, Lyme disease can lead to problems like facial paralysis or seizures. In some dogs, the infection may remain in the body long-term, eventually causing kidney damage or other health problems.

The good news is that Lyme disease is treatable in dogs. Vets typically prescribe antibiotics for a few weeks. These antibiotics don’t completely remove the bacteria but can reduce the severity of the infection. After starting treatment, many dogs begin to feel better within just 48 hours.

The best way to protect your dog is to use tick-prevention products, such as collars or shampoos. However, no method is foolproof, so it’s crucial to check your dog regularly for ticks, especially after outdoor activities. If ticks are common in your area, consider contacting a pest control service to help manage the situation.